![]() ![]() The latter accident was initiated by an operating error on 26 April 1986 which caused xenon poisoning (and its reaction) of the Unit 4 reactor of the CNPP. ![]() The explosions resulted in damaging of the FNPP buildings. The former was triggered by the Tohoku-earthquake induced tsunami on 11 March 2011, which caused damage of the main cooling systems and left the reactors overheated and led to hydrogen gas explosions. The Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear power plant (FNPP and CNPP) accidents are the two largest sources of anthropogenic radionuclides released into the environment in recent years. The calculated annual effective doses at areas near the Fukushima and Chernobyl NPPs exceeded the ICRP recommendation of 1 mSv yr −1. Our calculated effective doses at various influenced areas were comparable to those available in the literature. The maximum calculated external 137Cs annual effective dose received from the Chernobyl accident was 10 times higher relative to the Fukushima accident. Based on our MCNP calculations, the largest absorbed dose was found in skin. More serious and wide-spread impacts of the Chernobyl NPP accident on soil contamination in Ukraine, Belarus, Russia and countries as far as Sweden and Greece were due to the inland location, radiative plume transport pathway and high 137Cs emission strength (9 times the Fukushima emission). The absorbed doses by gamma-photon radiation were from cesium-137 ( 137Cs) in soil contaminated by the two major NPP accidents. #N eutron codeWe applied the Monte Carlo Neutron Particle (MCNP) transport code to calculate and compare the absorbed doses in different human organs. Detailed absorbed doses in human organs are rarely reported in the literature. External exposure to gamma-photon irradiation from soil contamination due to nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents has significant contribution to human radiation exposure in the proximity of the NPP. ![]()
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